Sufi Traditions in Abkhazia Revisited: Mystical Faith and Practices in a Post-Soviet Landscape

Abstract

This study conducts an in-depth exploration of the mystical convictions and rituals associated with Sufism in Abkhazia, a region nestled in the Caucasus, which witnessed the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The paper undertakes a multifaceted analysis, delving into the historical and cultural backdrop against which Sufism in Abkhazia has flourished, its intersections with other religious traditions, and the profound influence it has exerted in shaping the local identity and cultural milieu. Furthermore, drawing upon a synthesis of ethnographic research and textual scrutiny, this paper furnishes a comprehensive overview of the fundamental tenets and practices characterizing Sufism in Abkhazia, underscoring its unwavering focus on spiritual purification, contemplation, and unwavering devotion to the Divine. Additionally, the paper delves into the pivotal roles of Sufi orders and their esteemed leaders, known as sheikhs, in laying the foundations of spiritual authority and fostering community cohesion within Abkhazia’s religious tapestry.

The study also meticulously navigates through the challenges and opportunities encountered by Sufism in the post-Soviet era, encompassing secularization, modernization, and the far-reaching effects of globalization on conventional religious beliefs and practices. Notwithstanding these challenges, Sufism perseveres as a potent force in shaping the local identity and culture, offering its adherents not only spiritual solace but also invaluable social support.

The paper concludes by shedding light on prospective avenues of research, including the intricate interplay between Sufism and political dynamics, the nuances of gender dynamics within Sufi communities, and the reverberations of Sufism on interfaith relations within the region. In essence, this research paper offers a comprehensive examination of the role played by Sufism in Abkhazia, unveiling the intricate intersections of religious traditions with broader cultural and societal dynamics.