Allama Iqbal in between Eastern and Western Socio-Political Ideologies; Implication on Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran and Pakistan within the Context of Inclusive Accomodativism

Abstract

Scholarly work of Allama Iqbal has been translated in different European and Asian languages just because of exhibiting inspirations for numerous Eastern and Western socio-political ideologies in his poetry and other literary work. At one side, scholars trace that the dream of establishing a Muslim country in the subcontinent on the basis of Third Positionism has actually been extracted from initial phases of Nazism and Fascism; flourishing in Europe at the time when he was living in Germany. Similarly, on the other side, many of the ideas contained in his books, “The Reconstruction of Religious Thoughts in Islam”, “Israr-e-Khudi” and “Rumuz-e-Bekhudi” are thought to be derived from Hinduism and Buddhism, and reconciled with Islam. At the same time, when Iqbal declares Tehran as the “Geneva of the East”, he also assumes Afghanistan as a symbol of brevity and ‘Center of Globalization’ under Jamal-ud-Din Afghani’s Pan-Islamism. Therefore, the prime aim of this study is to explore Iqbal’s actual stance in between socio-political ideologies that have been evolved in Germany, Italy, Iran, Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Russia (or USSR) along with Indo-Pak subcontinent, Kashmir and Badakhshan/Pamir Mountain Range. As some of the political economists and third positionists claim similarities among the thoughts of Iqbal and Paul Collier; correlation of Iqbal’s scholarly work with other socio-political ideologies in East and the West encourages this study to investigate his academic position between “Inclusivism” and “Accomodativism”, modeled as “Inclusive Accomodativism”. Moreover, findings and suggestions for socio-political, cultural and economic implication of Inclusive Accomodativism (especially on Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan and Azerbaijan) during 21st century are given in the last.