Insights of Mystical, Spiritual and Theological Studies

From Manendar to Allama Iqbal: Investigating Interfaith Harmony between Buddhism and Islam in Pakistan and Iran

Freidun Sarkisov — 2024-02-01

The intellectual discourse surrounding peaceful coexistence and harmony among religions is a rare occurrence in Pakistan. Consequently, this project has been precisely devised to explore interfaith harmony within conservative and orthodox societies, specifically targeting regions like Pakistan and Iran. In pursuit of this objective, this study conducts a comparative analysis of the classical Buddhist text “Malinda Panha”, the renowned philosophical work of Iqbal titled “The Reconstruction of Religious Thoughts in Islam”, and the philosophical contributions of the eminent Iranian Shia-cleric, Ali Shariati.

This investigation seeks to unveil the complex connections between Islam and Buddhism by scrutinizing distinct concepts such as attention, wisdom, perception, volition, consciousness, transmigration, rebirth, soul, intentional and unintentional wrongdoing, ethical dilemmas, inference, asceticism and similes. The “Malinda Panha” rooted in dialogues between Menander, the king of the Indo-Greek Kingdom of Yavanas, and the Buddhist monk Nagasena in locations like Sagala (capital of Yavanas, also known as Sialkot) and Kishtwar (Kashmir), serves as a foundational text for this exploration. The research sheds light on how Iqbal’s intellectual framework draws inspiration from the ideologies that evolved within his native region.

Simultaneously, this study also examines the intellectual contributions of Iranian thinkers, notably the influential Shia-cleric Ali Shariati. Shariati, aligning with Iqbal's approach, advocates for peaceful coexistence and interfaith harmony within socio-religiously diverse societies. Through this scholarly endeavor, this study aims to contribute valuable insights into the confluence of ideas and perspectives within these distinct yet interconnected intellectual traditions.

Exploring Interfaith Marriages in Iran: A Comprehensive Analysis of Ayatollah Borujerdi’s “Da’irat al-Ma’arif-i Islami”

Reza Bahadori — 2024-02-01

The contentious subject of interfaith matrimonial unions has sparked considerable debate within Iran, notably drawing conservative sentiments from Ayatollah Borujerdi. The Ayatollah’s conservative position, as expounded in his treatise “Da’irat al-Ma’arif-i Islami” (The Encyclopaedia of Islamic Knowledge), has elicited a strong response from the nation’s youthful populace. This demographic, disenchanted with the Ayatollah’s doctrinal stance, contends that interfaith marriages should be sanctioned, asserting that such unions foster comprehension and tolerance amidst diverse religious affiliations. Their argument posits that the spectrum of love ought not to be circumscribed by religious distinctions, advocating instead for individual autonomy in choosing marital partners.

Contrary to Ayatollah Borujerdi’s conservative doctrinal underpinnings, this scholarly inquiry delves into the progressive impetus propelling Iranian youth towards advocating for a more inclusive societal paradigm that celebrates diversity and champions unity. This study systematically scrutinizes the prevailing discourse on interfaith matrimony in Iran, accentuating the catalytic role assumed by the nation’s youth in steering the trajectory towards a more progressive and harmonious milieu. This research underscores the ongoing dialectic surrounding interfaith unions in the Iranian sociocultural milieu and appraises the transformative influence wielded by the younger generation in shaping the nation’s trajectory towards a future characterized by pluralism and unity.

Economic Jurisprudence in Sikhism: An In-depth Examination of Guru Granth Sahib

Shinda Kaur — 2024-02-01

The Guru Granth Sahib, the holy scripture of the Sikh religion, contains many economic principles that are relevant today. These principles include the importance of hard work, honesty, and fairness in business dealings, as well as the idea that wealth should be used for the benefit of society and not just for personal gain. The concept of langar, or communal sharing of food, exemplifies the idea of equality and the importance of helping those in need. The Guru Granth Sahib also emphasizes the importance of living a simple life, free from greed and materialism, and encourages individuals to focus on spiritual growth and service to others. This study investigates the economic principles discussed in the Guru Granth Sahib that promote a balanced and ethical approach to economic activity, and takes into account the needs of both individuals and society as a whole.

Religious Role in Encouraging Social Justice and Environmentalism; A Case Study of Canadian Zoroastrians

Freedon Kabarji — 2024-02-01

Like many other religions across the globe, Zoroastrianism also encourages social justice and environmental protection. However, within the global demographics of Zoroastrian community, Canadian Zoroastrians have been at the forefront of promoting social justice and environmentalism, both in Canada and globally. As a small but highly active community, they have taken on a leadership role in advocating for these causes, drawing on the core values of their ancient religion. Zoroastrianism emphasizes the importance of good thoughts, good words, and good deeds, and this philosophy has been reflected in the community’s commitment to promoting social justice and environmental sustainability. This study investigates that since the settlement of Zoroastrians from Iran and India to Canada, Canadian Zoroastrians have been involved in a range of initiatives aimed at advancing social justice, including advocating for human rights, supporting refugees and newcomers, and working to end poverty and hunger as their religious obligation. They have also been active in promoting environmental sustainability, working to reduce carbon emissions and protect natural resources. Through their involvement in various organizations and initiatives, Canadian Zoroastrians have been able to make a meaningful impact, both locally and globally. Moreover, this study also looks at how Canadian Zoroastrians are demonstrating a deep commitment to social justice and environmentalism, rooted in the core values of their religion. Their efforts have made a significant impact, not only in Canada but across the globe, and serve as an inspiration to others to take action to create a better world for all.

Interfaith Harmony Through the Ages: The Shiv Temple in Azad Kashmir and its Legacy from the Hindu Shahi Era (7th -11th Century)

Ataullah Shah Amritsari — 2024-02-01

The Shiv Temple in Azad Kashmir boasts a rich historical legacy spanning centuries, serving as a revered site for worship among Hindus, Buddhists and Muslims alike. This shared historical narrative presents a unique avenue for advancing tourism in the region, promoting economic growth through the burgeoning tourist industry. This research investigates the examination of how the historical and cultural significance of the Shiv Temple can serve as a magnet for visitors hailing from diverse religious and cultural backgrounds. The distinctive architectural features of the temple, coupled with the natural splendor surrounding Azad Kashmir, promise a rewarding experience for tourists. Initiatives to showcase the region’s vibrant history and diverse cultural heritage, such as cultural festivals and guided tours, can further enhance the appeal to a broad spectrum of visitors.

A universally acknowledged truth is the essential role that tourism plays in generating employment opportunities, especially within the local hospitality and service sectors. In alignment with this premise, this study charts a course to fortify the local economy and alleviate poverty in the region. The promotion of tourism is posited not only to spur economic growth but also to catalyze the development of essential infrastructure and amenities, including hotels and restaurants, thereby amplifying the overall quality of the tourist experience and contributing to the sustainable growth of the local economy.

Spiritualism in Routine Life: Reviewing “The Seven Spiritual Laws of Success” by Deepak Chopra

Ajay Rathore Patialvi — 2024-02-01

Within the context of relationship between success and spirituality, this research paper asseses the integration of spiritualism into the fabric of daily life through a comprehensive review of Deepak Chopra’s seminal work, “The Seven Spiritual Laws of Success”. The study explores the profound insights and principles presented by Chopra, analyzing their applicability and efficacy in navigating the complexities of routine existence. Through a meticulous examination of each spiritual law, the research aims to elucidate the transformative potential these principles hold for individuals seeking a harmonious balance between spiritual growth and the demands of daily life. Additionally, the paper investigates the broader implications of incorporating spiritual wisdom into routine practices, considering its impact on personal well-being, resilience and the cultivation of a holistic and purposeful life. By critically assessing the practical relevance of Chopra’s spiritual laws, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on spiritual integration in contemporary lifestyles, offering insights that may inform both personal development and the broader fields of psychology, philosophy and self-help.